CompTIA A+ 220-1201 & 220-1202

CompTIA A+ Study Guide

Everything you need to pass both A+ exams — 220-1201 Core 1 and 220-1202 Core 2. Domain breakdowns, a 9-week study plan, the highest-priority topics, performance-based question formats, and links to every A+ concept on IT Study Hub.

2 Exams
Core 1 + Core 2
90
Questions each
700/900
Passing score
90 min
Per exam

Two Exams — One Certification

A+ is unique among CompTIA certifications in that it requires passing two separate exams. Core 1 (220-1201) focuses on hardware, networking, mobile devices, and virtualisation. Core 2 (220-1202) focuses on operating systems, security, troubleshooting methodology, and operational procedures. Both must be passed to earn the certification.

220-1201 — Core 1
Hardware & Infrastructure
Mobile Devices (15%) · Networking (20%) · Hardware (25%) · Virtualisation & Cloud (11%) · Hardware & Network Troubleshooting (29%)
220-1202 — Core 2
Software & Operations
Operating Systems (31%) · Security (25%) · Software Troubleshooting (22%) · Operational Procedures (22%)
220-1201/1202 vs Previous Versions

The current A+ exams (220-1201/1202) replaced 220-1101/1102 in early 2025. The updated versions place greater emphasis on cloud computing, remote support scenarios, and modern security practices. If you're using older study materials, supplement the virtualisation/cloud and security sections with current content. The hardware and networking fundamentals remain largely unchanged.

The exam codes 220-1201 and 220-1202 are sometimes abbreviated as Core 1 and Core 2 respectively. Both must be passed — there's no combined exam.

Core 1 (220-1201) — Domain Weightings

1.0 Mobile Devices
15%
15%
2.0 Networking
20%
20%
3.0 Hardware
25%
25%
4.0 Virtualisation & Cloud
11%
11%
5.0 Hardware & Network Troubleshooting
29%
29%

Core 2 (220-1202) — Domain Weightings

1.0 Operating Systems
31%
31%
2.0 Security
25%
25%
3.0 Software Troubleshooting
22%
22%
4.0 Operational Procedures
22%
22%

Study Resources by Domain

Core 1 · 2.0
Networking
20%

IP addressing, ports, protocols, wireless standards, and network hardware. The A+ networking domain overlaps significantly with Network+ fundamentals — understanding how data moves across a network is essential before troubleshooting it in Domain 5.

OSI Model ExplainedAll 7 layers, protocols at each layer, troubleshooting by layer TCP/IP Model4-layer model, how it maps to OSI, IP addressing basics IP Address ClassesClass A/B/C, private ranges, APIPA (169.254.x.x) Subnetting BasicsCIDR notation, subnet masks, calculating usable hosts Ports & ProtocolsAll 35+ ports tested on A+ — DNS, RDP, SMTP, HTTP/S, FTP DNS ExplainedHow DNS works, record types (A, MX, CNAME, PTR), troubleshooting DHCP ExplainedDORA process, scope, lease time, APIPA fallback Wireless Networking802.11 standards, Wi-Fi 6, WPA3, channels, site surveys Network Cable TypesCat5e/6/6a, fiber (single-mode vs multimode), coaxial, connectors Router vs SwitchLayer 2 vs Layer 3, when to use each, managed vs unmanaged VPNs ExplainedRemote access VPN, site-to-site, SSL vs IPSec, split tunnelling NAT ExplainedHow NAT works, PAT, private vs public IP, home router behaviour
Core 1 · 3.0
Hardware
25%

The largest Core 1 domain — motherboards, CPUs, RAM, storage, power supplies, peripherals, and display types. Hardware questions tend to be very specific: you need to know connector types, form factors, and compatibility rules.

Storage TypesHDD vs SSD vs NVMe, SATA vs M.2, RAID levels 0/1/5/10 Virtualisation ExplainedType 1 vs Type 2 hypervisors, VM resource allocation, snapshots
Core 1 · 4.0
Virtualisation & Cloud Computing
11%

Cloud service models (IaaS/PaaS/SaaS), deployment models (public/private/hybrid/community), and virtualisation concepts. The shared responsibility model is increasingly tested — you need to know what the customer is responsible for in each service model.

Cloud Computing ConceptsIaaS/PaaS/SaaS, public/private/hybrid, shared responsibility Virtualisation ExplainedHypervisors, VMs, containers, resource pooling
Core 1 · 5.0
Hardware & Network Troubleshooting
29%

The biggest Core 1 domain at 29% — troubleshooting hardware, display, storage, and network connectivity issues. Expect scenario-based questions that give you symptoms and ask you to select the correct diagnostic step or tool.

Troubleshooting MethodologyCompTIA's 6-step process — the framework behind every troubleshooting scenario Network Troubleshooting Commandsping, ipconfig, tracert, nslookup, netstat, pathping with examples Windows Command LineEssential CLI commands for hardware and network diagnosis
Core 2 · 1.0
Operating Systems
31%

The largest Core 2 domain at 31% — Windows 10/11 features, Windows command line tools, macOS/Linux basics, and OS installation/upgrade procedures. Know the differences between Windows editions and when to use each tool.

Windows 10 vs Windows 11Feature differences, upgrade requirements, TPM 2.0, exam traps Windows Command Lineipconfig, sfc, dism, net, tasklist, shutdown — with syntax and use cases Linux CommandsEssential Linux commands for A+ — ls, chmod, grep, find, ps, top Linux File SystemDirectory structure (/etc, /var, /home), file permissions, mount points Active Directory BasicsDomain vs workgroup, joining a domain, user accounts, OUs Group Policy (GPOs)Applying policies, gpupdate, gpresult — relevant to Core 2 OS management
Core 2 · 2.0
Security
25%

Malware types and removal, social engineering, Windows security settings, wireless security, and physical security. The A+ security domain is narrower than Security+ — focus on identifying attack types and applying endpoint security controls.

Malware TypesVirus, worm, trojan, ransomware, spyware, rootkit — with A+ removal steps Social EngineeringPhishing, vishing, smishing, tailgating, pretexting, shoulder surfing Wireless Security ProtocolsWEP, WPA, WPA2, WPA3 — what changed and why it matters Physical SecurityBadge access, cable locks, screen filters, data destruction methods Encryption TypesBitLocker, EFS, full disk vs file-level encryption for A+
Core 2 · 3.0
Software Troubleshooting
22%

Troubleshooting OS, application, and security software issues — BSODs, application crashes, malware removal procedures, and mobile OS issues. Apply the 6-step methodology to every scenario.

Troubleshooting MethodologyThe 6-step process — essential for all software troubleshooting scenarios Malware Removal ProcessIdentify, quarantine, remove, remediate, update, document
Core 2 · 4.0
Operational Procedures
22%

Documentation, change management, disaster recovery, safety procedures, and professionalism. This domain tests knowledge of proper IT workplace procedures — backup types (full, incremental, differential), data destruction methods, and ticketing systems.

Troubleshooting MethodologyChange management, documentation, and escalation are all in Domain 4 Cloud Backup & RecoveryCloud storage as backup destination, RTO/RPO concepts

9-Week Study Plan

Most candidates need 8–12 weeks for both A+ exams. This plan covers Core 1 first (weeks 1–4), then Core 2 (weeks 5–8), with a final review week before sitting both exams close together.

Week 1 — Core 1
Networking Fundamentals
OSI model · TCP/IP · IP addressing · subnetting basics · ports and protocols · DNS and DHCP · cable types and connectors
Week 2 — Core 1
Hardware Components
Motherboard form factors · CPU socket types · RAM types (DDR4/5) · storage (SATA, M.2, NVMe) · PSU connectors · display types
Week 3 — Core 1
Mobile & Wireless
802.11 standards · Wi-Fi 6/6E · WPA2/3 · Bluetooth pairing · cellular standards (4G/5G) · mobile device connectivity
Week 4 — Core 1
Cloud, Virtualisation & Practice
IaaS/PaaS/SaaS · hypervisors · shared responsibility · Core 1 practice exam · review weak domains · PBQ practice
Week 5 — Core 2
Windows OS
Windows 10 vs 11 · editions (Home/Pro/Enterprise) · Windows command line · Task Manager · Registry basics · OS installation
Week 6 — Core 2
Linux & macOS
Linux directory structure · file permissions · essential Linux commands · macOS features for A+ · Active Directory basics
Week 7 — Core 2
Security
All malware types and removal · social engineering · wireless security · BitLocker/EFS · physical security · malware removal procedure
Week 8 — Core 2
Troubleshooting & Ops
6-step methodology · software troubleshooting · backup types · change management · safety procedures · Core 2 practice exam
Week 9
Final Review & Sit
Full practice exams for both · PBQ drills · review weak areas · schedule and sit Core 1 then Core 2 within a week of each other
🎯 Three Highest-ROI A+ Study Topics

Ports and protocols — tested on Core 1 Domain 2. You need to know the port number, protocol (TCP/UDP), and use case for at least 20 ports. RDP (3389), SSH (22), HTTP (80), HTTPS (443), DNS (53), DHCP (67/68), SMB (445) and SMTP (25) appear most frequently.

The 6-step troubleshooting methodology — tested on Core 2 Domain 3 and 4 repeatedly. Every scenario question that asks "what should the technician do first/next?" is testing whether you follow the methodology. Identify → Theory → Test → Plan → Implement → Document, in that order, always.

Malware types and the removal process — Core 2 Domain 2 and 3. You need to know what each type does (ransomware encrypts, RAT gives remote control, rootkit hides from OS) and the specific removal steps CompTIA expects: disconnect from network → boot to safe mode → run antivirus → remove quarantined items → remediate → patch → educate user → document.

Ready to pass A+?

See the best courses, practice exams, and study guides for 220-1201 and 220-1202.

Best A+ Resources →

Also On IT Study Hub

A+ Domain BreakdownDetailed breakdown of all 9 domains across Core 1 and Core 2 A+ Cheat SheetQuick reference for exam day — ports, hardware specs, OS features How to Pass A+Study strategy, study order (Core 1 vs 2 first), and exam-day tips A+ vs Network+What overlaps, what's different, should you take both? CompTIA Certifications RoadmapFull pathway from A+ through Network+, Security+, and beyond Network+ Study GuideThe natural next step after A+ — full hub page

What to Expect on the A+ Exams

Both Core 1 (220-1201) and Core 2 (220-1202) are 90 questions in 90 minutes with a passing score of 700 out of 900. Each exam includes performance-based questions (PBQs) at the start — drag-and-drop, matching, or simulation-style tasks that test applied knowledge. Core 1 PBQs frequently involve hardware identification, cable type selection, and IP configuration tasks. Core 2 PBQs frequently involve malware removal procedure ordering, troubleshooting step sequencing, and OS tool selection.

A+ scenario questions are extensive — descriptions of user problems with multiple pieces of information provided, followed by "what should the technician do first?" The answer is almost always rooted in the 6-step troubleshooting methodology: gather information, form a hypothesis, test it, plan the fix, implement it, document it. Candidates who internalise the methodology as a decision-making framework rather than a memorised list perform significantly better on scenario questions.

The most common exam day surprise reported by A+ candidates: Core 2 is harder than expected. Core 1 has many knowledge-recall questions (what's the maximum cable length for Cat6a? what connector does SATA use?). Core 2 is more scenario-based and requires more applied thinking — particularly the security and troubleshooting domains. Give Core 2 at least as much preparation time as Core 1.

A+ After You Pass — What Comes Next

A+ is the starting point, not the destination. The natural progression from A+ depends on what kind of IT work you want to do. If you're drawn to networking — routers, switches, network troubleshooting — Network+ is the clear next step, followed by Cisco CCNA for vendor-specific skills. If you're drawn to security — monitoring threats, incident response, protecting infrastructure — move from Network+ to Security+. Both paths benefit enormously from parallel hands-on experience — building a home lab, working help desk, or contributing to IT projects in any capacity.

Many A+ holders find that studying for the exam reveals which parts of IT they find genuinely interesting. If you enjoyed the hardware and troubleshooting sections, field service and desktop support roles are a natural fit. If the networking sections clicked, network administration is worth pursuing. If the security sections in Core 2 were compelling, start planning your Security+ pathway immediately. A+ is deliberately broad — use it as a discovery tool as well as a credential.

The average salary range for A+-certified technicians is $40,000–$60,000 USD depending on location and role. Help desk and IT support roles are the most accessible entry points. Within 2–3 years of consistent experience combined with Network+ and Security+, it's realistic to be earning $65,000–$85,000 in IT administration, security analyst, or network engineer roles — a meaningful outcome for a certification path that can be completed in under a year of focused effort.